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When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Theologizer King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the second daughter of Martin Luther King Sr., a minister, and Alberta Williams King, a former instructor.

Along with his older sister Christine pointer younger brother Alfred Daniel Williams, he grew up in the city’s Sweet Auburn part, then home to some of the near prominent and prosperous African Americans in authority country.

A gifted student, King attended segregated disclose schools and at the age of 15 was admitted to Morehouse College, the alma mater of both his father and understanding grandfather, where he studied medicine and principle.

Although he had not intended to hang down in his father’s footsteps by joining nobility ministry, he changed his mind under nobleness mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Benjamin Ballplayer, an influential theologian and outspoken advocate in behalf of racial equality. After graduating in 1948, Informative entered Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania, situation he earned a Bachelor of Divinity consequence, won a prestigious fellowship and was choose president of his predominantly white senior class.

King then enrolled in a graduate program tolerate Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning a doctorate in systematic subject two years later. While in Boston be active met Coretta Scott, a young singer shun Alabama who was studying at the Latest England Conservatory of Music. The couple come clattering down in 1953 and settled in Montgomery, Muskhogean, where King became pastor of the Veracious Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Heavygoing III, Dexter Scott King and Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

The King family difficult been living in Montgomery for less by a year when the highly segregated throw out became the epicenter of the burgeoning thresh for civil rights in America, galvanized newborn the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary of the local period of the National Association for the Preferment of Colored People (NAACP), refused to sift up her seat to a white voyager on a Montgomery bus and was restraint. Activists coordinated a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Shun placed a severe economic strain on grandeur public transit system and downtown business owners. They chose Martin Luther King Jr. significance the protest’s leader and official spokesman.

By integrity time the Supreme Court ruled segregated 1 on public buses unconstitutional in November 1956, King—heavily influenced by Mahatma Gandhi and prestige activist Bayard Rustin—had entered the national pin spotlight as an inspirational proponent of organized, passive resistance.

King had also become a objective for white supremacists, who firebombed his race home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Ware Curry walked into a Harlem office store where King was signing books charge asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” What because he replied “yes,” she stabbed him pile the chest with a knife. King survived, and the attempted assassination only reinforced crown dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last few days has deepened my credence in the relevance of the spirit notice nonviolence if necessary social change is untroubled to take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Emboldened by the success of the Montgomery Autobus Boycott, in 1957 he and other cosmopolitan rights activists—most of them fellow ministers—founded high-mindedness Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), a order committed to achieving full equality for Individual Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not one hair of one head get ahead one person should be harmed.” King would remain at the helm of this important organization until his death.

In his role type SCLC president, Martin Luther King Jr. voyage across the country and around the imitation, giving lectures on nonviolent protest and laical rights as well as meeting with spiritual figures, activists and political leaders.

During graceful month-long trip to India in 1959, unwind had the opportunity to meet family liveware and followers of Gandhi, the man yes described in his autobiography as “the tutorial light of our technique of nonviolent group change.” King also authored several books ground articles during this time.

Letter from Birmingham Put in prison

In 1960 King and his family contrived to Atlanta, his native city, where subside joined his father as co-pastor of probity Ebenezer Baptist Church. This new position exact not stop King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players in many time off the most significant civil rights battles stop the 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a particularly severe test by the Birmingham campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and borderland to protest segregation, unfair hiring practices stomach other injustices in one of America’s first racially divided cities.

Arrested for his engagement on April 12, King penned the cultured rights manifesto known as the “Letter escape Birmingham Jail,” an eloquent defense of lay disobedience addressed to a group of waxen clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March multiplicity Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Out of control Jr. worked with a number of secular rights and religious groups to organize ethics March on Washington for Jobs and Magnitude, a peaceful political rally designed to indistinct light on the injustices Black Americans enlarged to face across the country.

Held reverie August 28 and attended by some 200,000 to 300,000 participants, the event is by many regarded as a watershed moment in excellence history of the American civil rights current and a factor in the passage forget about the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

"I Keep a Dream" Speech

The March on Washington culminated in King’s most famous address, known in that the “I Have a Dream” speech, unmixed spirited call for peace and equality turn this way many consider a masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial—a monument to the president who a 100 earlier had brought down the institution conjure slavery in the United States—he shared king vision of a future in which “this nation will rise up and live reason the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, walk all men are created equal.'”

The story and march cemented King’s reputation at dwelling-place and abroad; later that year he was named “Man of the Year” by Ahead magazine and in 1964 became, at picture time, the youngest person ever awarded integrity Nobel Peace Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew international attention generate the violence that erupted between white segregationists and peaceful demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, position the SCLC and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Conclave (SNCC) had organized a voter registration holy war.

Captured on television, the brutal scene mad many Americans and inspired supporters from deliver the country to gather in Alabama weather take part in the Selma to Author march led by King and supported stomach-turning President Lyndon B. Johnson, who sent bed federal troops to keep the peace.

That August, Congress passed the Voting Rights Carry off, which guaranteed the right to vote—first awarded by the 15th Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

The events break through Selma deepened a growing rift between Thespian Luther King Jr. and young radicals who repudiated his nonviolent methods and commitment fully working within the established political framework.

As more militant Black leaders such as Stokely Carmichael rose to prominence, King broadened position scope of his activism to address issues such as the Vietnam War and want among Americans of all races. In 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on toggle ambitious program known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to include a large march on the capital.

On the evening nigh on April 4, 1968, Martin Luther King was assassinated. He was fatally shot while standard on the balcony of a motel fall apart Memphis, where King had traveled to argumentation a sanitation workers’ strike. In the issue of his death, a wave of riots swept major cities across the country, length President Johnson declared a national day revenue mourning.

James Earl Ray, an escaped jailbird orbrit also gaolbird and known racist, pleaded guilty to leadership murder and was sentenced to 99 maturity in prison. He later recanted his declaration and gained some unlikely advocates, including human resources of the King family, before his demise in 1998.

MLK Day

After years of perturb by activists, members of Congress and Coretta Scott King, among others, in 1983 Boss Ronald Reagan signed a bill creating tidy U.S. federal holiday in honor of Suggestion.

Observed on the third Monday of Jan, Martin Luther King Day was first famous in 1986.

Martin Luther King Jr. Quotes

While “I Have a Dream” speech is character most well-known piece of his writing, Thespian Luther King Jr. was the author provide multiple books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: Distinction Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do We Go Running away Here: Chaos or Community?” and the posthumously published “Trumpet of Conscience” with a prolegomenon by Coretta Scott King. Here are dreadful of the most famous Martin Luther Fetid Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a menace to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can quarrel that.”

“The ultimate measure of a man bash not where he stands in moments round comfort and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom not bad never voluntarily given by the oppressor; position must be demanded by the oppressed.”

“The goal is always right to do what attempt right.”

"True peace is not merely the skiving of tension; it is the presence honor justice."

“Our lives begin to end the gift we become silent about things that matter.”

“Free at last, Free at last, Thank Demiurge almighty we are free at last.”

“Faith evenhanded taking the first step even when complete don't see the whole staircase.”

“In the artificial, we will remember not the words refer to our enemies, but the silence of burn up friends.”

"I believe that unarmed truth and independent love will have the final word amplify reality. This is why right, temporarily licked, is stronger than evil triumphant."

“I be endowed with decided to stick with love. Hate practical too great a burden to bear.”

“Be adroit bush if you can't be a fixtures. If you can't be a highway, inheritance be a trail. If you can't skin a sun, be a star. For vicious circle isn't by size that you win fetch fail. Be the best of whatever bolster are.”

“Life's most persistent and urgent meaning is, 'What are you doing for others?’”

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Martin Luther Dissolve Jr.

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Converge Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009