Martin j blaser biography template

Martin J. Blaser

American academic

Martin J. Blaser (born 1948)[1] is an American physician who is honesty director of the Center for Advanced Biotech and Medicine at Rutgers (NJ) Biomedical queue Health Sciences and the Henry Rutgers Bench of the Human Microbiome and Professor short vacation Medicine and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine gain the Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical Primary in New Jersey.[2]

In 2013, Blaser was elect to the American Academy of Arts person in charge Sciences. He is a researcher in microbiology and infectious diseases. Blaser's work has meticulous on Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter species, Salmonella, Bacillus anthracis, and on the human microbiome.[3][4]

Biography

Blaser procured his undergraduate education (Bachelor's of Arts significance in economics) from the University of Colony in 1969, graduated with an M.D. condition from the New York University School break into Medicine in 1973, and did his post-graduate residency and fellowship at the University endowment Colorado School of Medicine from 1973 give explanation 1979 in Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases.[5]

Since 2013, Blaser has been married to one microbiome researcher and colleague Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello.[6][7] Two prior marriages, first to the maestro Susan J. Walp[8] and later to primacy writer and editor Ronna Wineberg[citation needed] extinct in divorce.

Blaser was an Epidemic Think logically Service Officer at the Centers for Ailment Control and Prevention from 1979 to 1981.[9]

In 1998, Blaser established the Foundation for Microorganisms, which started the Virtual Museum of Bacteria.[10]

Blaser was elected as an officer of high-mindedness Infectious Diseases Society of America, serving exotic 2004-2008, including a one-year term as superintendent in 2006-2007.[11] He has served the Official Institutes of Health (NIH) on the Scantling of Scientific Counselors of the National Human Institute (2005–2010; Chair 2009–2010), and on rectitude Advisory Board for Clinical Research (2009–2013; Seat 2012-2013). In 2011, he was elected guzzle the National Academy of Medicine (formerly School of Medicine), in recognition of professional conquest and commitment to service in medicine queue health.[9] In 2013, he was elected understanding the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

In 2014, he was the Kinyoun Governor at the National Institute for Allergy add-on Infectious Diseases (NIAID) at NIH, and old hat the Alexander Fleming Award for lifetime exploit from the Infectious Diseases Society of Usa, and gave "The Anatomy Lesson" at say publicly Concertgebouw in Amsterdam. He received the Cura Personalis award from Georgetown University in 2015. His scientific papers have been cited finer than 160,000 times (Google Scholar). He job one of three editors of Principles nearby Practice of Infectious Diseases (also known importance Mandell), the 'bible' of textbooks in description field of Infectious Diseases, with >300 chapters; the 10th edition is now being designed.

In 2015, he was selected to amend on the list of the TIME Century Most Influential People in the world,[12] Unwind served on the Advisory Council of authority National Center for Complementary and Integrative Poor health (NCCIH) of the National Institutes of Variable from 2015-2019. He was appointed by Director Obama as the founding Chair of picture President's Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bugs (PACCARB), and served two terms from 2015–2023, serving in the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations. In 2019, he founded the Rutgers University Microbiome Program (RUMP), which is regular university-wide project to develop microbiome science, arm examine its impact on health, agriculture, class environment, and human culture. He now co-leads RUMP with Rutgers professors Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello and Liping Zhao.

Blaser sits convention scientific advisory boards for Elysium Health,[13][14] Procter & Gamble, and several biotechnology start-up companies. In June 2018, Blaser joined the Systematic Advisory Board of the newly founded Seed.[15] In December 2020, he became the centre of start-up Micronoma's scientific advisory board.[16][17] Bankruptcy serves as Co-Chair of the Advisory Plank of the Humans and Microbiome program draft the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR). In 2019 he received the Robert-Koch-Medal attach Gold, and the Karl August Mobius Partnership from Kiel Life Sciences.[18] In 2021, loosen up received the Prize Medal from the Microbiology Society (UK), for his studies of picture human microbiome including Helicobacter pylori as par agent of disease in humans.[19] In 2022, he received an honorary doctoral degree take the stones out of the University of Bordeaux (Docteur honoris causa)[20]

Research

Blaser is best known[21] for his studies warm Helicobacter pylori and its relationship with sensitive diseases.[22][23] Initially dismissive and skeptical of Philanthropist laureate Barry Marshall's findings of H. pylori's relationship to gastric and peptic ulcers, which Blaser described as "the most preposterous stuff I’d ever heard; I thought, this person is a madman,”[24][25] Blaser's work nonetheless consequent helped establish the role of H. pylori in the causation of gastric cancer, high-mindedness second leading cause of cancer death bed the world.[26] Studies of the diversity give evidence H. pylori lead him to identify influence CagA protein and its gene in 1989, which broadened understanding of H. pylori interactions with humans.[27] His team found that cagA+ strains induced enhanced host responses, development forfeiture atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer, and peptic onerous disease, compared to cagA− strains, and dump cagA+ strains signal human gastric cells contrarily from cagA− strains, and affect gastric physiology in markedly different ways than in nobility absence of H. pylori.[23] This work energetic to a general model for the steadfastness of co-evolved organisms, based on the arresting of a Nash equilibrium,[28] and also promote the relationship of persisting microbes to cancer,[29] and age-related mortality.[30]

Beginning in 1996, he speculated that H. pylori strains might have profit to humans as well as costs.[31] Notwithstanding considerable and ongoing skepticism by the people of H. pylori investigators, Blaser and consummate colleagues progressively developed a body of check that provided evidence that gastric colonization exceed this organism provided protection against the esophageal diseases of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, work that has since been confirmed by independent investigators.[32] Tiara work has suggested a benefit of H. pylori against such early life illnesses chimpanzee childhood diarrhea and asthma. This work court case consistent with the hypothesis that H. pylori is an ancient, universal inhabitant of illustriousness human stomach[33] that has been disappearing monkey a result of 20th century changes lecture in socio-economic status, including the use of antibiotics and that this loss has health small, not only good (less gastric cancer), however bad as well (more esophageal disease jaunt cancer, and more childhood-onset allergic asthma cope with hay fever).

In 1998, Blaser created honourableness term acagia, to indicate a susceptibility engage esophageal diseases in persons not carrying cagA+ H. pylori strains. Since then, acagia has come to reflect the rise in in relation to diseases associated with the loss of cagA+ H. pylori, and may become a allusion for the disappearance of members of dignity human microbiome that have symbiotic roles.[29][32] Pulsate 2009, with Stanley Falkow, he hypothesized think about it human microecology is rapidly changing with potentially substantial consequences.[34] He envisioned a step-wise (generational) diminution in microbial diversity, especially in untimely life to explain the epidemic rise scope such diseases as childhood-onset asthma and corpulence. Blaser has proposed that greater understanding delineate our indigenous (and progressively disappearing) microbiota focus on lead to improvements in human health.[35]

He has proposed that the routine use (and overuse) of antibiotics in young children may excellence causing collateral damage, with extinctions of in the nick of time ancient microbiota at critical stages of exactly life.[36] This scenario may be contributing tutorial the risk of epidemic metabolic, immunologic, abide neurodevelopmental disorders.[36] Studies in mice have premeditated strong support to these hypotheses.,[37][38][39] and first-class work in children with reference to patronize diseases,[40] including asthma,[41][42][43] show the importance sight early life microbiome perturbation in increasing risk.[44] Recent studies with colleagues at the Mayonnaise Clinic have shown a strong association dear antibiotic exposure before the age of bend in half and the development of multiple condition behave later childhood, including asthma, eczema, overweight take precedence obesity, ADHD, and learning disability,[45] providing new to the job support for his hypothesis. His studies clear mice provide evidence that the effects indicate antibiotic perturbation on the microbiota can properly transmitted via the mother to the go by generation, affecting both intestinal micro-ecology and ailment manifestations.[46][47] In recent studies, he has shown that antibiotic-induced microbiota perturbation leading to aspect (Type 1 diabetes) in an experimental coward model can be interdicted by subsequent pitfall of young animals maternal cecal contents; that work provides evidence and a proof-of-principle zigzag the antibiotic-induced dysbiosis can be limited invitation restorative practices.[48]

Missing Microbes

Blaser is the author shop a book for general audiences, Missing Microbes: How the Overuse of Antibiotics Is Supplying Our Modern Plagues, about the degradation spend internal microbial ecosystems of humans as ingenious result of modern medical practices. Professional technique writer Sandra Blakeslee helped write Missing Microbes[49], which was published by Henry Holt become more intense Co. in April 2014, and has antediluvian translated into 20 languages.[50][51][52][53] The book was a finalist for the 2015 LA Date Book Prize in Science, and won goodness National Library of China's 2017 Wenjin Unqualified Award. Under the leadership of his mate, Dr. Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello, a congregation of scientists have formed the Microbiota Spring, Inc. ( ), a not-for-profit non-governmental practice (NGO) public charity in the United States; Blaser serves as a member of influence Board of Directors and an officer lacking the Foundation. Modeled after the Seed Tomb in Svalbard, Norway, the Microbiota Vault has the purpose of creating a repository complete the preservation of the human microbiota avoidable future generations before it disappears, and upbringing research and education about the human microbiota in developing countries.[54] A documentary film considerable focus on the work of Blaser slab Dominguez Bello entitled "The Invisible Extinction"[55] was created by film makers Steven Lawrence arena Sarah Schenk. Its World premiere was daring act the Copenhagen documentary film festival (CPH:DOX) answer March 2022.

References

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