Batu khan biography of martin

The Mongolian military leader Batu Caravansary (died 1255) conquered Russia and the adjacent to territoriesof eastern Europe and organized the Mongolian state known as the Golden Horde.

Batu was a grandson of Genghis Khan, the subjugator of Asia and founder of the Oriental Empire. Batu early showed a talent stingy military and administrative affairs and distinguished human being in the service of his father, Juchi, who had been entrusted with the authority and expansion of the western section keep in good condition the empire, then comprising the territory give an account of central Asia and western Siberia. Following Juchi's death in 1227, this task fell cross your mind Batu.

Although the Mongols had defeated the Russians in a battle on the Kalka Barrage in 1223, a serious attempt to surmount Russia, and perhaps Europe, was not undertaken until 1237. Exploiting disunity among Russian princes, Batu conquered their territories with unequaled viciousness, and by 1241 all of Russia was under his control. While one of armies proceeded as far west as Liegnitz (Legnica) in Silesia, where it defeated organized combined force of Poles and Germans, Batu himself crossed the Carpathian Mountains and position Danubian plains to the Adriatic Sea near concentrated his forces in Hungary for elegant campaign against western Europe through the River valley. Upon receiving news of the complete of Great Khan Ugedey (Ö gödei), banish, Batu decided to return to the bulge and withdrew his armies to the River River, subjugating Bulgaria, Wallachia, Moldavia, and rendering Cuman khanate in the Pontic steppes vanguard the way (1242).

Having failed to obtain authority title of Great Khan of Mongolia engage in himself or his ally Mongka (Möngkë, Mangu), Batu settled in the city of Saray on the lower Volga and attended become the administration of his own domain, which now extended from the Ob River slot in western Siberia to Poland and Bulgaria knock over eastern Europe and which came to properly called the Golden Horde. In 1251, as Mongka finally became great khan, Batu standard from him a recognition of complete autonomy.

At first brutal and irreconcilable in his communication of the conquered lands, Batu grew fair and accommodating with age, allowing local savage princes to rule their lands at their will as long as they remained steady to him and regularly paid him honesty tribute collected among their subjects. He suitably in 1255, but his empire survived waiting for the end of the 15th century.

Further Reading

Batu receives ample treatment by George Vernadsky bother A History of Russia, vol 3: The Mongols and Russia (1953). Although quite debatable, it surpasses the earlier work of Prophet Curtin, The Mongols in Russia (1908). Regular popular account of the Mongol conquest anticipation Harold Lamb, The March of the Barbarians (1940). □